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		<datafield tag="980" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
			<subfield code="a">REPORT</subfield>
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		<datafield tag="970" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
			<subfield code="a">BenZeghiba-02c/IDIAP</subfield>
		</datafield>
		<datafield tag="245" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
			<subfield code="a">Hybrid HMM/ANN and GMM Combination for User-Customized Password Speaker Verification</subfield>
		</datafield>
		<datafield tag="700" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
			<subfield code="a">BenZeghiba, Mohamed Faouzi</subfield>
		</datafield>
		<datafield tag="700" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
			<subfield code="a">Bourlard, Hervé</subfield>
		</datafield>
		<datafield tag="856" ind1="4" ind2="0">
			<subfield code="i">EXTERNAL</subfield>
			<subfield code="u">http://publications.idiap.ch/attachments/reports/2002/rr02-45.pdf</subfield>
			<subfield code="x">PUBLIC</subfield>
		</datafield>
		<datafield tag="088" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
			<subfield code="a">Idiap-RR-45-2002</subfield>
		</datafield>
		<datafield tag="260" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
			<subfield code="c">2002</subfield>
			<subfield code="b">IDIAP</subfield>
		</datafield>
		<datafield tag="500" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
			<subfield code="a">in Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (ICASSP-03,',','),
 2003</subfield>
		</datafield>
		<datafield tag="520" ind1=" " ind2=" ">
			<subfield code="a">Recently we have proposed an approach for user-customized password speaker verification; in this approach, we combined a hybrid HMM/ANN model (used for utterance verification) and a GMM model (used for speaker verification). In this paper, we extend our investigations. First, we propose a new similarity measure that uses confidence measures developed in the HMM/ANN framework. Secondly, we analyze the contribution of each model using a weighted sum combination technique. Experiments conducted on a subset of the PolyVar database show that for a short password the performance of the combined system did not improve significantly compared to the performance using the GMM model alone, and that the HMM/ANN did not contribute much in the combined system. We discuss possible reasons for this.</subfield>
		</datafield>
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