ARTICLE millan:2003:comm-acm/IDIAP Adaptive Brain Interfaces Millán, José del R. Communications of the ACM 46 3 74-80 2003 In today's fast paced world, information and communication technologies are dramatically transforming industries, economies and the quality of our lives. Access to new emerging technologies can be taken for granted. Unfortunately, not everyone can enjoy the benefits provided by information and communication systems on equal terms. People with severe physical disabilities are practically excluded. But, what if they could communicate their wishes or control electronic appliances merely by thinking? This is promise of the Adaptive Brain Interfaces (ABI) project that aims at augmenting human capabilities by enabling people to interact with a computer through conscious control of their thoughts after a short training period.